Verb causative-passive form

[Causative-Passive Form - Being Forced to Do]

Connection: Verb causative-passive form

The causative-passive form combines causative (make/let someone do) and passive (receive action) to express being forced or made to do something, typically against one's will. It emphasizes the subject's lack of choice.

Conjugation Table:

| Verb Group | Rule | Examples | Short Form | |------------|------|----------|------------| | Group 1 (五段) | Change u-sound → あせられる | 書く → 書かせられる (be made to write)<br>読む → 読ませられる (be made to read)<br>行く → 行かせられる (be made to go) | 書かされる<br>読まされる<br>行かされる | | Group 2 (一段) | Change る → させられる | 食べる → 食べさせられる (be made to eat)<br>見る → 見させられる (be made to see) | (no short form) | | Irregular | Memorize | する → させられる (be made to do)<br>くる → こさせられる (be made to come) | (no short form) |

Key Points:

• Expresses being forced to do something (often unwillingly)
• Subject is the person being forced
• The person who forces is marked with に
• Group 1 verbs have a shorter, colloquial form (あされる instead of あせられる)
• Implies negative feeling or lack of choice

Examples: 毎日野菜を食べさせられた。(I was made to eat vegetables every day.) 子供の時、ピアノを習わされた。(When I was a child, I was made to learn piano.) 長時間待たされて疲れました。(I was made to wait a long time and got tired.)